HiMedia – M2067 HiCromeTM Mueller Hinton Agar (For Antifungal testing)

Principle and Interpretation
The Mueller Hinton formulation was originally developed as a simple, transparent agar medium for the cultivation of pathogenic species (1). Mueller Hinton Agar, Modified (as per CLSI for antifungal) is recommended for the diffusion of antifungal agents impregnated on paper disc through an agar gel as described in CLSI Approved Standard (2). When supplemented with glucose to a final concentration of 2%, it provides for suitable fungal growth. Kirby-Bauer et al recommended Mueller Hinton Agar for performing antibiotic susceptibility tests using a single disc of high concentration (4). WHO Committee on Standardization of Susceptibility Testing has accepted Mueller Hinton Agar for determining the susceptibility of microorganisms because of its reproducibility (3). Mueller Hinton Agar with 5% sheep blood and Mueller Hinton Agar with Haemoglobin have been recommended for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Similarly Mueller Hinton Agar, Modified (as per CLSI for antifungal) is recommended for antifungal susceptibity testing of discs. Perry and Miller (1) reported that Candida albicans produces an enzyme b -N-acetyl- galactosaminidase and according to Rousselle et al (2) incorporation of chromogenic or fluorogenic hexosaminidase substrates into the growth medium helps in identification of C.albicans isolates directly on primary isolation. Acicase provide nitrogenous and carbonaceous compounds, long chain amino acids, sulphur and other essential nutrients. Starch acts as a protective colloid against toxic substances present in the medium. Starch hydrolysis yields dextrose, which serves as a source of energy. Glucose serves as an energy source for fungal cultures. C.albicans appear as light green coloured smooth colonies, C.tropicalis appear as blue to metallic blue coloured raised colonies. C.glabrata colonies appear as cream to white smooth colonies, while C.krusei appear as purple fuzzy colonies.

原理與解釋
Mueller Hinton配方最初是作為一種簡單，透明的瓊脂培養基開發的，用於培養致病物種（1）。如CLSI認可標準（2）中所述，推薦Mueller Hinton Agar，Modified（根據CLSI用於抗真菌劑）通過瓊脂凝膠擴散浸漬在紙盤上的抗真菌劑。當補充葡萄糖至終濃度為2％時，其提供合適的真菌生長。 Kirby-Bauer等人推薦Mueller Hinton Agar使用高濃度的單個圓盤進行抗生素敏感性試驗（4）。世界衛生組織易感性測試標準化委員會已接受Mueller Hinton Agar因其可重複性而確定微生物的易感性（3）。含有5％羊血的Mueller Hinton瓊脂和含有血紅蛋白的Mueller Hinton瓊脂被推薦用於肺炎鏈球菌和流感嗜血桿菌的抗菌藥物敏感性試驗。同樣，Mueller Hinton Agar，Modified（根據CLSI用於抗真菌）被推薦用於椎間盤的抗真菌藥敏試驗。 Perry和Miller（1）報導白色念珠菌產生酶b-N-乙酰基 - 半乳糖胺酶，並且根據Rousselle等人的研究（2）將生色或熒光己糖胺酶底物摻入生長培養基中有助於直接鑑定C.albicans分離株。初級隔離。 Acicase提供含氮和含碳化合物，長鏈氨基酸，硫和其他必需營養素。澱粉充當保護介質中存在的有毒物質的保護膠體。澱粉水解產生右旋糖，其作為能量來源。葡萄糖作為真菌培養的能量來源。 C.albicans顯示為淺綠色的光滑菌落，C.tropicalis顯示為藍色至金屬藍色的凸起菌落。 C.glabrata菌落看起來像奶油色到白色光滑的菌落，而C.krusei看起來像紫色模糊菌落。